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Swiss Journal of Geosciences
Fig. 9 | Swiss Journal of Geosciences

Fig. 9

From: Facies architecture, geochemistry and petrogenesis of Middle Triassic volcaniclastic deposits of Mt. Ivanščica (NW Croatia): evidence of bimodal volcanism in the Alpine-Dinaridic transitional zone

Fig. 9

Volcano-sedimentary model representing mechanisms of formation and spatial distribution of generated facies during their time of formation. A A wider image representing the horst-graben, half-graben structure that was created by normal faulting related to the Middle Triassic rifting. These fault fractures served as routes for basaltic magma ascent and effusions. B The effused basaltic magma is quenching and autofragmenting in contact with cold sea water. Since slopes were developed during the faulting, newly formed basaltic clasts are transported by gravity currents. The most proximal clastic material is still influenced by effused lava, while with the alienation from the source the fragments become finer and are supported by sedimentary type matrix or cemented by calcite cement precipitated from the sea water. The secondary pyroclastic facies are deposited here as syn-eruptively resedimented PDC deposits from the explosive eruptions from an unknown/undiscovered source

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