Fig. 6

Postcranial remains of Oligocene and Miocene European ruminants, main morphologies. A-B: Left metacarpal of Pomelomeryx sp. from Montaigu-le-Blin (Naturhistorisches Museum Basel NMB-Ma3796), dorsal view (A), and lateral view of the distal articulation (B); C-D: Right proximal phalanx of Bachitherium curtum from Saint-André (NMB-Mar440), dorsal (C) and interdigital (D) views; E-H: Right middle phalanx of Amphitragulus feningrei from Coderet-Bransat (NMB-Cod875), external (E), interdigital (F), dorsal (G), and palmar (H) views; I: Left distal phalanx of cf. Amphitragulus elegans from Montaigu-le-Blin (NMB-Ma7131), interdigital view; J-K: Right metacarpal of cf. Dremotherium guthi from La Milloque (NMB-Lm1127), dorsal view (J), and lateral view of the distal articulation (K); L-M: Left proximal phalanx of “Eupecora” indet. from Artenay (NMB-So6211), dorsal (L) and interdigital (M) views; N-Q: Right middle phalanx of cf. Dremotherium feignouxi from Montaigu-le-Blin (NMB-Ma4233), external (N), interdigital (O), dorsal (P), and palmar (Q) views; R-S: Right proximal phalanx of “Eupecora” indet. from Paulhiac (NMB-Pa788), dorsal (R) and interdigital (S) views. T: Right distal phalanx of cf. Dremotherium guthi from Coderet-Bransat (NMB-Bst10815), interdigital view. Typical features of the postcranial remains corresponding to Köhler's (1993) morphotypes A (in red) and B (in blue), and to intermediate forms (in black): 1: Furrow for the Lateral Extensor tendon (light grey), long (a), short (b); 2: Low articular surface; 3: Metacarpal inflated in its distal part; 4: Flattened condyle; 5: Palmar continuation of the condyle, continual (a), abrupt ending (b); 6: Outline of the external side, straight (a), concave (b); 7: Strong sulcus for the Interosseus tendon; 8: Facet of distal articulation, extended in the dorsal side (a), poorly extended (b), not extended (c); 9: Outline of the distal articulation, well rounded (a), flattened (b); 10: Dorsal Extensor process, short (a), elongated (b); 11: Postarticular plateau, elongated (a), short (b); 12: Triangular outline of the distal articular surface; 13: Weak dorsal and palmar extension of the articular surface; 14: Strong marks for the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis; 15: Sagittal groove; 16: High wedge for the insertion of the Deep Flexor tendon; 17: Outline of the dorsal ridge, straight (a), angled (b); 18: Outline of the articular surface, well rounded (a), forming a plateau (b); 19: Light compression of the shaft; 20: Incision for the metapodial condyle; 21: Protuberance for the Extensor insertion; 22: Angled interdigital border of the plantar surface. Morphotype A characterises ruminants from wooded areas, whereas morphotype B characterises those from open areas