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Table 2 The weighting of particular contributions to safety for some international vitrified HLW (high-level waste)/SNF (spent nuclear fuel) disposal concepts (after Alexander and McKinley 1999)

From: Natural analogues: studies of geological processes relevant to radioactive waste disposal in deep geological repositories

Key contribution

Country

Geosphere

 Dry (salt)

Germany, The Netherlands, USA

 Low water flow (argillaceous host rock)

Belgium, Canada, France, The Netherlands, Switzerland

EBS: (crystalline host rock)

 Canister longevity (copper)

Canada, Finland, Sweden

 Chemistry

Japan, Switzerland