Table 1 Examples of dolomitization reported throughout the Phanerozoic

Iannace et al. (2014)

Early-Late Cretaceous

Southern Apennines, Italy

Mt. Faito and Mt. Chianello

1. Fine (~ 50 µm)

2. Fine to medium (~ 120 µm)—subhedral to euhedral—cloudy cores and clear rims

Few pulses of reflux of only slightly concentrated marine brines

Gomez-Rivas et al. (2014)

Early Cretaceous

Maestrat Basin,

Spain

Benicassim

Fine to coarse—subhedral to anhedral—replacive fabric-retentive—cloudy

Hydrothermal dolomitization by thermal convection of concentrated seawater migrating per-ascencum from Permian–Triassic and/or Paleozoic basement, along major faults and permeable beds

Papaioanou and Carotsieris (1993)

Jurassic-Cretaceous

Central Peloponnesus,

Greece

Tripoli unit

1. Unimodal—very fine to fine—euhedral

2. Polymodal—very-fine to fine—subhedral

3. Unimodal—medium—subhedral

4. Polymodal—medium to coarse—subhedral- void filling

5. Uni to polymodal—medium to coarse—euhedral

6. Polymodal—fine to medium—euhedral

1. Penecontemporaneous, supratidal replacive and/or direct precipitation

2. Mechanical introduction of dolomitic sediments

3. Replacement or neomorphism of type 1 dolomite during burial

4, 5, 6. Replacive dolomitization

Cervato (1990)

Jurassic-Cretaceous

Southern Alps,

Italy

–

Fine grained to sucrosic with microamygdaloidal porosity

Hydrothermal dolomitization related to volcanic activity

Rustichelli et al. (2017)

Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous

Gargano Promontory,

S. Italy

Unimodal—medium to coarse—sub-euhedral and euhedral—limpid, cloudy, sometimes cloudy cores with limpid rims—fabric destructive

Fault-related dolomitization by modified seawater during shallow burial

Rameil ( 2008 )

Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous

NW Switzerland, France

Twannbach

1. Medium—euhedral to subhedral—cloudy cores and clear rims—replacive

2. Fine—euhedral—replacive

3. Fine to medium—subhedral

1. Reflux of dense hypersaline brines from evaporitic lagoons into the platform

2. Tidal/evaporitic pumping

3. Microbial mediation dolomitization of burrows

4. Dedolomitization during long-term emersion by meteoric waters

Reinhold ( 1998 )

Late Jurassic

Swabian Alb,

S. Germany

Lacunosmaergel

Untere Felsenkalke

Obere Felsenkalke

1. Fine to coarse—euhedral to anhedral—porphyrotopic—fabric selective to pervasive; idiotopic to xenotopic

2. Medium to very-coarse—subhedral to anhedral—pervasive; xenotopic

3. Medium to coarse—euhedral to anhedral—porphyrotopic to pervasive; idiotopic to xenotopic

4. Fine to coarse—euhedral to subhedral—void filling cement

5. Medium to coarse—anhedral—void filling, syntaxial cement

6. Fine to coarse—euhedral to anhedral—void filling cement

1. Early dolomitization during shallow burial by modified seawater

2. Two recrystallization phases of dolomite by: interaction with modified seawater or mixed meteoric/marine water during burial and then descending meteoric waters

3. Shallow burial dolomitization leading to dolomite and ferroan dolomite cements

4. Late shallow burial saddle dolomite cementation related to deep-burial hydrothermal fluids transported along reactivated fractures

Baldermann et al. ( 2015 )

Late Jurassic

N. German Basin,

Germany

Langenberg section

1. Fine to medium—euhedral to subhedral

2. Fine to medium—euhedral to subhedral—hypidiotopic to idiotopic—fabric destructive—cloudy cores and clear rims

4. Coarse—euhedral—void filling cement—fabric retentive

Shallow seepage reflux and/or evaporitic tidal pumping at moderate temperatures (26 to 37 °C) by pristine marine to slightly evaporitic and reducing seawater derived interstitial solutions. Dolomitization was facilitated by bacterial sulfate reduction

Vincent ( 2001 )

Late Jurassic

Paris Basin,

France

Callovian-Oxfordian

Fine—idiotopic—cloudy cores

Associated to pressure/dissolution features

Dewatering of Callovian-Oxfordian clays rich in Mg, Fe, and Mn