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Swiss Journal of Geosciences
Fig. 1 | Swiss Journal of Geosciences

Fig. 1

From: Examination of a relationship between atmospheric blocking and seismic events in the Middle East using a new seismo-climatic index

Fig. 1

a Positive air ionization prior to the M = 5.6 Alum Rock earthquake in Northern California starting ~ 24 h before the seismic event with a 12 h long off-scale section, reaching an estimated concentration of positive air ions of 105 cm−3, recorded < 2 km from the epicenter. b Enlarged section showing rapid, repetitive changes in air ion concentrations (Bleier et al. 2009)

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