Fig. 9
From: Messinian or Pleistocene valley incision within the Southern Alps
a Incision profile restored for rock uplift since the Messinian (schematic). The lower sea level during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) is estimated between − 900 and − 2000 m (Clauzon 1982; Ghielmi et al. 2013; Hsü et al. 1973). Average uplift rate is 0.5 mm/a. Note, that the shape of the paleo-valley flanks are unknown. b Amount of total accumulated uplift assumed in this study, red is uplift and blue is subsidence. The range of MSC sea levels shows that river incision during MSC and the amount of uplift are incompatible