Fig. 19

a–e Hypothetic kinematic evolution of the eastern Aar Massif since the Late Oligocene (25 Ma). Two key localities for which the temperature-time(-burial) history is shown on Fig. 18 are highlighted as red (northern Aar Massif) and white asterisks (southern Aar Massif), respectively. Trace of cross section A–A′′′ is given in Fig. 1a. Depth and orientation of top basement are based on depth-converted new and published temperature-time constraints, assuming a constant \(25\,^{\circ }\text{C/km}\) thermal gradient through time (Nibourel et al. 2018). JFTB—Jura fold-and-thrust belt; SM—Subalpine Molasse; \(D_{USM}\)—Estimated thickness of Lower Freshwater Molasse (Pfiffner 2017); \(D_M\)—Estimated thickness of Molasse deposits at 13 Ma (Cederbom et al. 2011); \(D_E\)—Estimated eroded thickness of Molasse deposits at present (Cederbom et al. 2011). Legend and abbreviations as in Fig. 1a. f Estimated particle trajectories for two key localities (highlighted as asterisks in a–e) from 25 Ma to present, based on the tectonic reconstruction shown (a–e). Horizontal (relative to stable Europe) and vertical (relative to the surface)