Fig. 1
Simplified tectonic map of the Alps based on Schmid et. al. (2004) and Bousquet et. al. (2012b), showing the distribution of the earliest fluid inclusion compositions in fissure quartz. The fluid inclusion compilation in Poty et. al. (2007) was completed with more recent data. The fluid inclusion compilation is based on numerous data (Barlier, 1974; Bergemann et al., 2017, 2018; Bernard, 1978; Cesare et al., 2001; Diamond & Tarantola, 2015; Felix & Mullis, 2013; Frey et al., 1980a, 1980b; Hasenberger, 1996; Heijboer et al., 2003a, 2003b; Hetherington et al. 2003; Jourdan et al., 2009; Kandutsch, 1989; Kandutsch & Wachtler, 2000; Kandutsch et al., 1998; Klemm et al. 2004; Luckscheiter & Morteani, 1980; Martin et al., 1982; Miron et al., 2013; Mullis, 1975, 1976a, 1976b, 1979, 1983, 1987, 1988, 1996, 2011; Mullis & De Capitani, 2000; Mullis & Ramseyer, 1996; Mullis & Tarantola, 2015; Mullis et al., 1994, 2001a, 2001b, 2002, 2003; Mullis Ferreiro-Mählmann et al., 2017; Niedermayr et al., 1984; Poty, 1969; Poty & Stalder, 1970; Poty et al., 1974; Proce et al., 2015; Rahn et al., 1995; Ramseyer & Mullis, 1990; Rauchenstein-Martinek, 2014; Rauchenstein-Martinek et al., 2016; Schmidt et al., 1997; Stalder & Touray, 1970; Stalder et al., 1980; Soom, 1986; Tarantola et al., 2007, 2009; Touray et al., 1970; Wachtler & Kandutsch, 2000; Wagner et al., 1972; Wolf & Mullis, 2012; Wolf et al., 2015; Zerlauth et al., 2015). Note the distribution of the fluid types and clustering of CO2-dominated fluids in the Lepontine and Tauern metamorphic domes, as well as in the Koralpe-Saualpe region east of the Tauern Window. Larger symbols indicate a higher frequency of the fluid inclusion type. The Gotthard Nappe belonging to the Penninic units shows an exhumation and fissure formation history comparable to the adjacent Aar Massif (Ricchi et al., 2019)