Fig. 12

Cartoon of the Rahmiye fault ruptures (a) showing colluvium position before its activity period; b–d episodic fault exposure during three modeled seismic events. White dashed line shows the total sampled surface. The fault surface grade is in meters. H₀ and G₀ show scarp height and ground level prior to the first rupture. H₁ to H₃ indicate fault scarp height following earthquakes 1 to 3, respectively. G₀ (ground level just before the first rupture); G₁ and G₂ are ground levels before the second and third ruptures, and G is the ground line. S₁ to S₃ represent the slip amounts of the three earthquakes