Coupling length: a generalized gleno-acetabular distance measurement for interpreting the size and gait of quadrupedal trackmakers

Swiss Journal of Geosciences

Table 1 Gaits are conventionally defined by the timing of the footfall pattern

Limb phase	Gait	Abbreviation	Sequence	Couplets
0.0	Pace	G0	Lateral	Lateral
0.125	‘Pacing Walk’	G1	Lateral	Lateral
0.25	Walk	G2	Lateral	Singlefoot
0.375	‘Walking Trot’	G3	Lateral	Diagonal
0.5	Trot	G4	Diagonal	Diagonal
0.625	‘Trotting Amble’	G5	Diagonal	Diagonal
0.75	Amble	G6	Diagonal	Singlefoot
0.875	‘Ambling Pace’	G7	Diagonal	Lateral

A step cycle can be regarded as starting with the left pes beginning the support phase. For symmetrical gaits, the left and right hindlimbs P_L and P_R are out of phase by 0.5, as are M_L relative to M_R. Limb phase refers to the fraction of the cycle at which the left manus M_L begins its support for the left pes P_L. Four additional intermediate gaits are included to provide a denser sampling of this continuum for our analysis