Facies | Dunham | Sedimentary structures | Allochems | Fossil content | Foraminifera | Depositional environments (energy conditions) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fazies zone: FZ1, Continental domain (c) | ||||||
c1 | m-M | Charophytes (stems, gyrogonites), ostracodes, gastropods, bivalves | Freshwater pond (low-energy deposits) | |||
c2 | M (-W) | (Birdseyses, desiccation cracks, circumgranular cracks) | Intraclasts, peloids (evaporite pseudomorphs) | Charophytes (stems, gyrogonites), ostracodes, bivalves, gastropods | Freshwater (brackish) pond (low-energy deposits, seasonally hypersaline) | |
Fazies zone: FZ1-2, Transition from continental domain to tidal flat (c-t) | ||||||
c-t | M (-P) | Birdseyes, (desiccation cracks, circumgranular cracks) | Peloids, intraclasts (pyrite) | Ostracodes, charophytes (stems, gyrogonites), gastropods, bivalves | Tidal flat pond (low-energy deposits) | |
Fazies zone: FZ2, Tidal flat (t) | ||||||
t1 | m-M | Ooids | Ostracodes, charophytes (gyrogonites, stems) gastropods (dasycladaceans, echinoderms) | (Foraminifera) | Tidal flat (low-energy deposits) | |
t2 | M | Birdseyes, desiccation cracks, circumgranular cracks | Peloids, intraclasts (black pebbles, pyrite) | Ostracodes, bivalves (charophyte gyrogonites, gastropods) | Tidal flat (low-energy deposits) | |
t3 | M | Birdseyes, desiccation cracks (circumgranular cracks, lamination, microbial mats) | (Peloids, mud pebbles, intraclasts, pyrite, evaporite pseudomorphs) | (Ostracodes, gastropods) | Tidal flat (low-energy deposits) | |
t4 | M | Birdseyes, (desiccation cracks, lamination) | Peloids, mud pebbles, intraclasts, (ooids, pyrite) | Ostracodes, charophytes (gyrogonites, stems), bivalves, gastropods, (serpulids) | (Foraminifera) | Tidal flat (low-energy deposits) |
t5 | M-W (-P) | Birdseyes, lamination (desiccation cracks, circumgranular cracks) | Peloids, intraclasts, black pebbles, (small oncoids) | Ostracodes, charophytes (gyrogonites, stems), gastropods, bivalves (echinoderms, serpulids) | (Miliolids, small cyclam., Redmondoides) | Tidal flat (low-energy deposits, storm layers?) |
t6 | M-P | Birdseyes, lamination, (desiccation cracks, circumgranular cracks) | Peloids, ooids (superficial, radial, micritic), intraclasts, mud pebbles (black pebbles, small oncoids, pyrite) | Ostradodes, bivalves, dasycladaceans, charophytes (gyrogonites, stems, bone fragments) | (Small cyclam., lenticulins) | Tidal flat (changing energy conditions, tidal channels?) |
t7 | M-P | Lamination, birdeyes, desiccation cracks, microbial mats | Peloids, ooids (superficial, radial, micritic), intraclasts (organic matter, pyrite) | Bivalves, gastropods, (serpulids) | Tidal flat (low- to moderate energy deposits) | |
t8 | W (-P) | Birdseyes, desiccation cracks | Intraclasts, mud pebbles | Ostracodes, gastropods, bivalves | (Small cyclam.) | Tidal flat (low- to moderate energy deposits) |
Fazies zone: FZ2-3, Transition from tidal flat to internal lagoon (t-i) | ||||||
t-i | M-W (-P) | Birdseyes, (lamination, flaser bedding, desiccation cracks) | Peloids, oncoids (small), intraclasts, ooids (superficial, radial, micritic), (pyrite, glauconite?) | Ostracodes, dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves, (charophyte gyrogonites, oysters) | Miliolids, andersenolins, small cyclam., lenticulins, Redmondoides | Tidal flat to internal-lagoon (low-energy deposits, restricted conditions?) |
Fazies zone: FZ3, Internal lagoon | ||||||
Restricted conditions (ri) | ||||||
ri1 | m-M | Ooids (oncoids) | Ostracodes, gastropods, bivalves, (dasycladaceans, echinoderms, bone fragments) | (Foraminifera) | Internal lagoon (low-energy deposits) | |
ri2 | M-W | (lamination) | Peloids, ooids (radial, micritic), oncoids (small), (black pebbles, intraclasts, organic matter, pyrite) | Ostracodes (echinoderms, dasycladaceans) | Redmondoides, small cyclam. | Internal lagoon (low-energy deposits) |
ri3 | W–P (-G) | (Lamination) | Peloids, ooids (radial, superficial, micritic), oncoids (small), (black pebbles, pyrite, glauconite?) | Dasycladaceans, ostracodes, gastropods, bivalves, (charophyte gyrogonites, echinoderms) | Redmondoides, small cyclam. | Internal lagoon (moderate-energy deposits, tidally influenced) |
ri4 | P-G | (Lamination, reactivation surfaces) | Ooids (radial, micritic, superficial), peloids, intraclasts, oncoids (small) | Ostracodes, echinoderms, bivalves | Redmondoides, small cyclam., miliolids | Internal lagoon (high-energy deposits, shoals?) |
Normal conditions (i) | ||||||
i1 | m-M | Ooids, oncoids | Gastropods, bivalves, dasycladaceans, ostracodes, echinoderms | Foraminifera | Internal lagoon (low-energy deposits) | |
i2 | M-W | Peloids, oncoids (small), ooids (radial, superficial), intraclasts, (black pebbles, organic matter, pyrite) | Dasycladaceans, bivalves, ostracodes, echinoderms, (oysters, cyanobacteria) | Miliolids, lenticulins Redmondoides, andersenolins, small cyclam. | Internal lagoon (low-energy deposits, restricted conditions?) | |
i3 | W–P | Peloids, oncoids (small), intraclasts, (pyrite) | Dasycladaceans, ostracodes, gastropods, echinoderms, (bivalves, cyanobacteria) | Miliolids, andersenolins, nautiloculins, lenticulins, small cyclam., big cyclam., Redmondoides | Internal lagoon (moderate-energy deposits) | |
i4 | (W-) P | (Reactivation surfaces, low-angle tabular cross-bedding, lamination) | Oncoids (small, Bacinella), peloids, ooids (radial, superficial, composite), intraclasts (pyrite) | Dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves, (brachiopods, bryozoans, cyanobacteria, ostracodes) | Miliolids, andersenolins, lenticulins, nautiloculins, big. cyclam. Redmondoides | Internal lagoon (moderate-energy deposits, partly shoals) |
i5 | P-G | (low-angle tabular cross-bedding, lamination) | Peloids, oncoids (small, Bacinella), intraclasts, ooids (radial), (pyrite) | Dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves, (brachiopods, bryozoans, cyanobacteria, ostracodes) | Lenticulins, miliolids, andersenolins, nautiloculins, big cyclam., Redmondoides | Internal lagoon (high-energy deposits, partly shoals) |
i6 | P-G | (low-angle tabular cross-bedding, reactivation surfaces) | Oncoids (small, Bacinella), peloids, intraclasts, ooids (micritic, radial), (black pebbles) | Dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves, (brachiopods, bryozoans, cyanobacteria, ostracodes) | Andersenolins, miliolids, big cyclam. | Internal lagoon (high-energy deposits, shoals) |
Fazies zone: FZ3-4, Transition from internal to open lagoon (i-o) | ||||||
i-o1 | m-M | Oncoids | Echinoderms, dasycladaceans, gastropods, (ostracodes) | Foraminifera | Internal to open lagoon (low-energy deposits) | |
i-o2 | (W-) F | Oncoids (Bacinella, small) peloids, intraclasts, (pyrite) | Dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, (brachiopods, bryozoans, sponges, cyanobacteria, bivalves, ostracodes) | Miliolids, Redmondoides | Internal to open lagoon (low-energy deposits) | |
i-o3 | W–P | Peloids, oncoids (small, Bacinella), intraclasts, ooids (superficial) | Dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves, (brachiopods, bryozoans, ostracodes, cyanobacteria, sponges, “Thaumatoporella-ladders”, oysters) | Miliolids, big cyclam., Redmondoides, nautiloculins, andersenolins, lenticulins | Internal to open lagoon (moderate-energy deposits) | |
i-o4 | P (-G) | Peloids, oncoids (small, Bacinella), intraclasts | Dasycladaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves (brachiopods, bryozoans, cyanobacteria, sponges, ostracodes “Thaumatoporella-ladders”) | Big cyclam., miliolids, Redmondoides, andersenolins, lenticulins, nautiloculins | Internal to open lagoon (high-energy deposits) | |
i-o5 | P (-G) | (Low-angle tabular cross-bedding) | Oncoids (small, Bacinella) peloids, intraclasts | Echinoderms, dasycladaceans, gastropods, bivalves (brachiopods, bryozoans, cyanobacteria, sponges, ostracodes, “Thaumatoporella-ladders”) | Miliolids, andersenolins, big cyclam., nautiloculins, Redmondoides, (lenticulins) | Internal to open lagoon (high-energy deposits, partly shoals) |
i-o6 | P-G | (reactivation surfaces, low-angle tabular cross-bedding) | Peloids, ooids (radial), oncoids (small, Bacinella), intraclasts | Echinoderms, dasycladaceans, (brachiopods, bryozoans, sponges, “Thaumatoporella-ladders”, ostracodes, gastropods, bivalves) | Andersenolins, miliolids, big cyclam., lenticulins, nautiloculins, (Redmondoides) | Internal to open lagoon (high-energy deposits, partly shoals) |
i-o7 | P-G (-R) | (low-angle tabular cross-bedding) | Peloids, oncoids (small, Bacinella), intraclasts | Echinoderms, dasycladaceans, gastropods, bivalves, (brachiopods, sponges, ostracodes, “Thaumatoporella-ladders”) | Big cyclam., miliolids,Redmondoides, andersenolins, lenticulins, nautiloculins | Internal to open lagoon (high-energy deposits, partly shoals) |
Fazies zone: FZ4, Open lagoon (o) | ||||||
o1 | F | Oncoids (Bacinella), peloids, ooids (radial) (pyrite) | Echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves, brachiopods, dasycladaceans, (bryozoans, corals, sponges) | Miliolids, andersenolins, lenticulins, big cyclam., Redmondoides, nautiloculins | Open lagoon (low-energy deposits) | |
o2 | W–P | Peloids, oncoids (Bacinella, small), (pyrite) | Echinoderms, brachiopods, gastropods, bivalves, dasycladaceans (bryozoans, sponges, cyanobacteria, ostracodes “Thaumatoporella-ladders”,) | Miliolids, andersenolins, lenticulins, big cyclam., nautiloculins, Redmondoides | Open lagoon (moderate-energy deposits) | |
o3 | P (-G) | Peloids, oncoids (Bacinella, small), (pyrite) | Echinoderms, brachiopods, gastropods, bivalves, dasycladaceans, (bryozoans, corals, sponges, cyanobacteria, serpulids) | Miliolids, andersenolins, lenticulins, big cyclam., nautiloculins, Redmondoides | Open lagoon (high-energy deposits) | |
o4 | (G-) R | Oncoids (Bacinella), peloids | Echinoderms, gastropods, bivalves (brachiopods, dasycladaceans, corals, sponges, cyanobacteria) | Miliolids, andersenolins, lenticulins big cyclam., nautiloculins, Redmondoides | Open lagoon (high-energy deposits, shoals?) |